| Thoughts on Pakistan (By Dr B.R. Ambedkar)
Compiled by Sanjeev Nayyar March 2003
Thanks to esamskriti I get different types of requests from visitors. A lady from Mumbai wanted a list of Yoga teachers, Lignesh from Pune asked me to suggest names for his newly constructed house while another from California wanted me to suggest Indian names for his friends newly born son. I do not know what impressions people have formed of me during the last four years of emailing but two things are sure, one I consider it a privilege to be of help and two every request has enriched me. The latest request was from Vish New York. He plans to write a play based on the book Krishnaavatara by Shri Kulapati Munshi (freedom fighter and founder of the Bhartiya Vidya Bhavan) for which he wanted me to speak to people who knew Munshiji well to know his feelings & thoughts while writing the book. This was a difficult request. Not knowing what to do I called Prof Upadhaya, a Bhavan veteran and respected scholar.
He suggested I speak to Shri Girish Munshi, Kulapati’s son. I was thrilled! Called Girishji who gracefully invited me to his house and shared his experiences with me after which he directed me to M/s Kutty / Jani in the Bhavan. While I waited for them I got naturally attracted to the Bhavan’s library. The librarian directed me to a section where the most frequently referred books are kept. I saw a book that I had been longing to read namely ‘Thoughts on Pakistan’ by Dr B R Ambedkar. I was very excited to find it. I asked the librarian if I could take a copy. She said ‘No, we do not allow any one to take the book out of the library or photocopy it’.
Disappointed I jotted the name and address of the publisher and sent my colleague Ajay to that address. Bad luck the publishers Thacker & Co had shut shop some twenty years ago. I had no option but to call Prof Upadhya and plead for help. Inspite of his years with the Bhavan the librarian refused to lend him the book but allowed me to photocopy it.
BRA’s writing is crisp, clear, well researched, forthright and facts are arranged in a logical manner. This book is a must read for those who want to understand the mindset of Muslims residing in the Indian Sub-continent. It clearly brings out the British role in aiding Muslim separatist’s tendencies that was to eventually result in the creation of PAK. BRA has extensively used charts to drive home his point. Good things need to be shared. Since reproducing a 400page book would be too much I have taken relevant excerpts esp. those that have a bearing on current affairs. Spellings are as they appear in the book and could be different from what is used now. Please pardon errors or omissions on my part. Since the book was written in 1941 I have selectively referred to subsequent events to make it current. While content is verbatim from the book my comments would always start with the word Friends and in inverted commas.
From now on have referred to Dr B R Ambedkar as BRA and Pakistan as PAK. He was in 1941 a M.A., Ph.D, DSc, Barrister-at Law and Ex-principal of the Government Law College Bombay and Fellow, University of Bombay. This piece is dedicated to Lala Lajpat Rai, Veer Savarkar, Sardar Patel, K M Munshi and BRA.
Sr
|
Name of Chapter
| Contents |
Page
|
No
|
|
|
No
|
1.
| Prologue |
Introduction to book, League Resolution, opposition to one Central govt, importance to resolve Pak issue.
|
3-6
|
2.
|
Muslim Case for PAK
|
Gives you reasons why Muslims want a separate nation state.
|
7-9
|
3.
|
Nation
|
What is a nation, are Hindus & Muslims one nation.
|
9-13
|
4.
|
Escape from Degradation
|
Why are Muslims angry with Congress, how has Muslims prestige suffered since advent of British rule.
|
14-16
|
5.
|
Breaking up of Unity
|
Part I of Hindu case for a united India. What were the reasons for Muslims to invade India?
|
17-20
|
6.
|
Weakening of India’s Defence
(A must Read)
|
Question of frontier, resources (compares revenue from Pak & Indian provinces), armed forces (data on all India army recruitment province wise, examines myth that martial races belonged to Punjab, data on changes in communal composition of army 1914-30.
|
20-25
|
7.
|
PAK & Communal Peace
|
Will creation of PAK solve the Communal question? But what is the Communal? How will this affect the position of Muslims in Hindustan, does the creation of PAK solve the communal problem in India?
|
26-31
|
8.
|
Hindu Alternative to PAK.
|
Outlines the thoughts of Veer Savarkar on Hinduism, Hindutva & Hindudom. It analyses Gandhi’s approach, Khilafat Movement and its impact on Hindu-Muslim relations between 1920-40.
|
31-36
|
9.
|
Muslim Alternative to PAK.
|
BRA does some crystal ball glazing on Muslim demands to avoid PAK.
|
37
|
10.
|
Lessons from Abroad
|
BRA does benchmarking with situations in Turkey & Czechoslovakia, lessons in it for India/Hindus.
|
38-39
|
11.
|
Social Stagnation
|
Position of Hindu/Muslim women, BRA’s views on Purdah system / burkha, reasons for Muslim economic /social stagnation and Hindu reform.
|
40-46
|
12.
|
Communal Aggression
|
Political aggression of the Muslims, how the British aided Muslim separatism starting 1892, how Muslims exploited Hindu weakness, an excellent analysis of the Muslim minds.
|
47-51
|
13.
|
National Frustration 1
|
Understanding Muslim mind on Independence, know Key tenets of Islam, Gandhi & Jesus, attempts at Hindu-Muslim unity.
|
51-58
|
14.
|
National Frustration 2
|
Causes of Hindu Muslim divide, evidence that PAK was conceived before 1923, summary & epilogue.
|
59-66
|
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