England grew to become the greatest nation on earth “The sun never sets on England”.
The Victorian Age
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British Empire throughout the World, 19th century, Private Collection.
2. The growth of the British Empire
British Empire included Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Hong Kong, Singapore, South Africa, Kenya, and India.
The Victorian Age
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British Empire throughout the World, 19th century, Private Collection.
2. The growth of the British Empire
Great Britain imported raw materials such as cotton and silk and exported finished goods to countries around the world.
The Victorian Age
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British Empire throughout the World, 19th century, Private Collection.
2. The growth of the British Empire
By the mid-1800s, Great Britain was the largest exporter and importer of goods in the world. It was the primary manufacturer of goods and the wealthiest country in the world.
The Victorian Age
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British Empire throughout the World, 19th century, Private Collection.
2. The growth of the British Empire
Because of England’s success, the British felt it was their duty to bring English values, laws, customs, and religion to the “savage” races around the world.
The Victorian Age
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British Empire throughout the World, 19th century, Private Collection.
1832: The First Reform Act granted the vote to almost all male members of middle-class.
1832: The First Reform Act granted the vote to almost all male members of middle-class.
1833: The Factory Act regulated child labour in factories.
1834: Poor Law Amendment established a system of workhouses for poor people.
3. An age of social and political reforms
The Victorian Age
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3. An age of social and political reforms
The Victorian Age
1867: The Second Reform Act gave the vote to skilled working men.
1871: Trade Union Act legalised trades unions.
1884: The Third Reform Act granted the right to vote to all male householders.
Industrial revolution: factory system emerged; for the first time in Britain’s history there were more people who lived in cities than in the countryside.
Technological advances:introduction of steam hammers and locomotives; building of a network of railways.
Economical progress:Britain became the greatest economical power in the world; in 1901 the Usa became the leader, but Britain remained the first in manufacturing.
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Workers in a Tobacco Factory
Crystal Palace was built for the Great Exhibition of 1851; it was destroyed by fire in 1936.
Crystal Palace was built for the Great Exhibition of 1851; it was destroyed by fire in 1936.
6. Crystal Palace
The Victorian Age
The Crystal Palace
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6. Crystal Palace
The Victorian Age
It was made of iron and glass, exhibited hydraulic presses, locomotives, machine tools, power looms, power reapers and steamboat engines.
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The Crystal Palace
It had a political purpose it showed British economic supremacy in the world.
6. Crystal Palace
The Victorian Age
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The Crystal Palace
Pollution in towns due to factory activity.
Pollution in towns due to factory activity.
London in 1872
Homeless Boys (1880)
7. Negative aspects of the age
The Victorian Age
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7. Negative aspects of the age
The Victorian Age
Lack of hygienic conditions: houses were overcrowded, most people lived in miserable conditions; poor houses shared water supplies.
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London in 1872
Homeless Boys (1880)
Epidemics, like cholera, thyphoid, caused a high mortality in towns. They came to a peak in the Great Stink of 1858.
Epidemics, like cholera, thyphoid, caused a high mortality in towns. They came to a peak in the Great Stink of 1858.
This expression was used to describe the terrible smell in London, coming from the Thames.
The “Miasmas”, exhalations from decaying matter, poisoned the air.
8. The “Great Stink”
Caricature appearing on the magazine «Punch» in 1858
