The Illinois Open 2004: The Philosophy of Spite
Tossups by Michigan (Ezekiel Berdichevsky, Adam Kemezis, and Matt Lafer)
Tossup 1. Some interesting objects in this region include the Henize 44 and 45 nebulas, and the bright star S Doradus. It also containins the Tarantula Nebula and a three-thousand year old supernova remnant called N132D, which is the subject of intense research. The closest supernova in modern times, 1987A, also took in this astronomical object. Straddling the constellations of Dorado and Mensa, it can only be seen from the southern hemisphere, and a bar structure in it suggests that it was once spiral, although it is now irregular. It was be the closest known galaxy to the Milky Way until the discovery of Sagittarius Dwarf. For ten points, name this galaxy of the local group that is named for a Portuguese navigator and has a “Small” counterpart.
Answer: Large Magellanic Cloud (prompt on “local group” before “Dorado”)
Tossup 2. This person's career choice was made after a visit to London, where John Colet's sermons on the New Testament and determined him to become a scriptural scholar himself. He came out with a pioneering edition of the works of St. Jerome, but then took flak for issuing a new Latin translation of the Bible that corrected Jerome's Vulgate. This lifelong friend Thomas More made More the dedicatee of his most famous work. For 10 points, who is this native of Rotterdam, leader of the Christian Humanist movement, and the writer of In Praise of Folly?
Answer: Desiderius Erasmus
Tossup 3. The women in the life of this work’s main character include the prostitute whom he ogles from his apartment, his henpecking wife, and Dasiy Diana Dorothea Devore, his assistant at work, who pines for him. Allegorical figures include the Fixer and the immortal Lt. Charles, who is in charge of reincarnation. At one point in this play, six couples, all of whom are dressed alike, converse about the horrors of women’s suffrage and foreign agitators at the protagonist’s house. They will later serve on the jury that finds the protagonist guilty of murder. The crime occurs when the department store manager, the Boss, announces that, instead of receiving a raise, Zero will be replaced by the title object. For ten points, identify this expressionist drama about the emptiness of modern existence written by Elmer Rice.
Answer: The Adding Machine
Tossup 4. Paul Arbisi has recently done work to applying this diagnostic to the elderly and, while ten of its standard images are gender specific, they have been accused of being too gloomy and of generating results that are often unreliable across cultures. Sometimes used as a screener for high stress occupations, it has shifted in recent years and is now usually administered to stimulate personal growth, and to study motivation, fear, and fantasy. Developed at Harvard in the 1930s under Drs. Christiana Morgan and Henry Murray, it asks patients to tell stories about the 31 pictures presented to them. For ten points identify this projective personality evaluation often abbreviated T.A.T.
Answer: Thematic Apperception Test (accept T.A.T before it’s mentioned)
Tossup 5. This work’s minor characters include Peter Pounce, who saves the title character’s true love from the hands of the Captain and the Squire, and Beau Didapper, a fop who visits Somerset to romance a milkmaid. Locales in the text include Trulliber’s abode and the Dragon Inn, where the protagonist is abused by the Tow-Wouses, but meets a friend who accompanies him on his journeys. The story concludes with the central couple rescued after being accused of stealing a hazel twig by Mr. Scout. This occurs after Mister Wilson realizes that the son he thought stolen by gypsies is actually Lady Booby’s footman. Fanny Goodwill thus gets to marry the handsome and pure hero, and Parson Adams finds success in, for ten points, what novel that focuses on Pamela’s little-known brother, a work by Henry Fielding.
Answer: Joseph Andrews
Tossup 6. One of the sides in this conflict had been trained under the German general Hans von Kundt, who also led its army during the early phases. In its aftermath, the February Revolution in the winning country installed the new PRF party under the command of Colonel Franco. Kundt’s replacement, Enrique Penaranda, was appointed by President Daniel Salamanca, who resigned after the fall of Ballivián [bay-ye-ve-AN]. The victor was given Puerto Casado after an offer of arbitration offer from Argentina in 1938. Its the bloodiest fighting ws seen at the Battle of Fortin Boqueron under General Estigarribia, For ten points, name this war between Bolivia and Paraguay fought over the namesake territory.
Answer: Chaco War
Tossup 7. The streamfunction, which is sometimes given this name, arises from this namesake method for studying fluid flow, which involves dividing a fluid into control volumes with fixed masses and letting the boundaries of the volumes move in response to the dynamics of the fluid. It is also an alternate name for the mean value theorem and, in optics, this name is paired with Helmholtz in a namesake invariant. Defining the trajectory of an object to be the path that minimizes its action is the principle on which a namesake dynamics works, and a function by this name is the difference between the kinetic and potential energies of a simple system of particles. For ten points, identify this word that also names a set of equilibrium points in astronomy and a method of computing extrema by “multipliers” in calculus.
Answer: Lagrangian (or Lagrange)
Tossup 8. The first pope to take this name and number was ordained priest the day he was crowned pope, but eventually abdicated after the Council of Constance in 1415, and was declared an anti-pope. No other pope took the name until more than five hundred years later, when Angelo Roncalli decided to take his father's name as his papal name in 1958. For ten points, name this pope who died only five years later, but not before he had opened the Second Vatican Council.
Answer: John XXIII
Tossup 9. Honneger [OH-neh-gur] called his “Liturgique,” while Glazunov’s is also known as “Ballade.” Brahms' symphony of this number is in F major, while Bruckner's is in D minor and is often nicknamed “Wagner.” Schumann's has five movements and is nicknamed “Rhenish.” Saint-Saens' is famous for its use of an organ. Mendelssohn's, in A minor, is situated between his “Lobesang” and “Italian” symphonies and is itself nicknamed “Scottish.” All these symphonies have, for ten points, what number, whose most famous example is probably Beethoven's Opus 55 in E-flat major, nicknamed “Eroica?”
Answer: Third Symphony
Tossup 10. This algorithm is best used on linked list because, when used with arrays, it has the drawback of requiring an additional O( n) [“big O of n”] space needed to store temporary arrays. Requiring 1 to 3 branch predictions in the CPU per read/write operation, it slows down in CPU’s without conditional computation instructions, although its balanced nature means that the worst-case and best-case runtimes are exactly equal. Related techniques include Knuth’s [kuh-NOOTHZ] bitonic sort and the strand sort. For ten points, name this n lg n [“n log n”] algorithm that breaks the items to be sorted into several groups, sorts within each sub-groups, and then re-combines the subgroups into a sorted sequence.
Answer: merge sort
Tossup 11. This person’s political thought was expressed in such essays as “Moral Imperatives for a World Order.” This writer annually reviewed books in the magazines Phylon and Opportunity, and edited When People Meet with Bernard Stern. His philosophy emerged with the publication of his dissertation, “Problems of Classification in Theory of Value,” which was written under the influence of James and Santayana at Harvard, where he also became the first black Rhodes scholar. He argued for a determination of egalitarian values that he termed “cultural pluralism” and worked hard to publicize the achievements of black people, especially during the “Harlem Renaissance.” For ten points, identify this thinker, perhaps best known for his radical reformulation of what it means to be black in America: “The New Negro.”
Answer: Alain Locke
Tossup 12. Settlements following this event allowed Poland to take over the Teschen area, fewer than half of whose inhabitants were Polish; Hungary also gained territories with a population of about a million. The principal area under dispute was to be subject to a plebiscite. Italian foreign minister Ciano and French premier Daladier were among the negotiatiors, but President Eduard Benes was not, and he subsequently resigned after his country was forced to give up about 40% of its territory. Neville Chamberlain got to proclaim “peace in our rime” after, for ten points, what 1938 conference, after which Hitler got control of the Sudetenland?
Answer: Munich Conference (accept close equivalents)
Tossup 13. This work’s third stanza invokes a letter the poet wrote to Thomas Love Peacock, in which he described the antique grandeur of Baiae sleeping “beside a pumice isle.” The titular addressee is described as wakening from his summer dreams in the blue Mediterranean, and resembling “the bright hair uplifted from the head of some fierce Maenad.” In stanza five, the speaker asks to be made a lyre “even as the forest is,” and asks for a fierce, impetuous spirit to invest his own and “drive my dead thoughts over the universe like withered leaves.” The poem ends by calling the title entity a trumpet of prophecy, and asks “If winter comes, can spring be far behind?” For ten points, identify this 1819 poem inspired by the tempestuous weather that Percy Shelley saw on a trip to the Arno forest.
Answer: “Ode to the West Wind”
Tossup 14. Adherents to this person’s methodology include his student Marcel Griaule and the economic anthropologist Karl Polanyi. Along with Lucien Levy-Bruhl and Paul Rivet, he founded the Ethnology Institute in Paris, and Levi-Strauss wrote the introduction to the standard edition of his works. He himself wrote such tracts as Prolegomena to a General Theory of Magic, Primitive Classification, and The Nature and Function of Sacrifice. Along with Georg Simmel and Marx, he is considered the founder of exchange theory. For ten points, identify this anthropologist, the author of the seminal study on contract in Melanesia and Polynesia, The Gift, and nephew of Emil Durkheim.
Answer: Marcel Mauss
Tossup 15. This work is a member of a series of four that were executed for Frederico Gonzaga II, and it was possibly intended as a gift for Emperor Charles V. This canvas is set in a woodland grove, where one of the title figures sits on a tree trunk while a deer drinks at her feet. Sprays of leaves emerge on the right side of the canvas, struggling to find their way in the murk and darkness that takes up more than half the painting. A white throw lies to the side as what appears to be a hand grasps the woman’s nude flesh. The smoke clears up somewhat in the middle of the painting, where a face emerges out of the cloud to kiss the princess of Argos and future heifer. For ten points, identify this masterpiece by Correggio that shows an Olympian’s love affair from Ovid’s Metamorphoses.
Answer: Jupiter and Io
Tossup 16. This city was dominated by Athens between the battles of Oenophyta [oy-nuh-FYE-thu] in 457 BCE and Coronea [core-uh-NAY-uh] in 447. The neighboring city of Orchomenus [orr-KAH-men-ahss] was its main rival for supremacy in its own region, but it was its attack on Plataea that was a major part of starting the Peloponnesian War. For ten points, name this city-state in Boeotia [bee-OH-shuh] that grew militarily strong under Pelopidas and Epaminondas and defeated the Spartans at the battles of Leuctra and Mantinea before itself being crushed by Philip of Macedon at Chaeronea and mostly burned down by his son.
Answer: Thebes (or Thebai)
Tossup 17. This being was thrown into the sea as a reborn baby, but rescued by his new master, who was then the unluckiest man alive. Later, he would trick the lecher Rhun and beat the arrogant King Maelgwn in a race on his nag Dobbin. His first youth was spent with the old, blind Morda guarding a concoction that would make no one mind Morfran’s ugliness, but when he partook of Ceridwen’s cauldron, he instantly gained the wisdom and magical powers that would allow him to speak in verse and to compose beautiful music set to the wind. Later associated with Arthur’s court, he may be best associated with his friend Elphin and the epithet “shining brow.” For ten points, identify this mythological Welsh bard.
Answer: Taliesin (or Gwion Bach)
Tossup 18. This was built to insure that the sun shone directly on its façade, which is adorned with smiling baboons, two days a year: the King’s birthday and the date of his coronation. The smaller section of this complex stands to the right of the larger, and features six 33-foot statues at its entrance. It was dedicated to Hathor and, like the larger, dedicated to Ra, was first sighted by J.L. Burckhardt in 1813. Nefertari is featured next to her husband at the smaller temple, but the larger one features only images of the pharaoh. Both were moved in the 1960 when construction of the Aswan High Dam threatened to submerge them. For ten points, identify this pair of temples erected by Ramses II.
Answer: Abu Simbel
Tossup 19. This writer’s nonfiction works include a life of Castro Alves, while his fictional protagonists include Quincas Wateryell, who dies two deaths, and Tieta, also called the “goat girl,” a poor woman who fights against a titanium factory. Better-known characters include members of the Badaro family and Colonel Horacio de Silveira, who struggle against one another and the jungle for control of cacao plantations. His stories are most often set in and around Ilheus and include such works as Showdown, Home is the Sailor, and Shepherds of the Night. He is best known, however, for his distinct brand of magical realism, which is evident in love stories like Doña [DON-ya] Flor and her Two Husbands. For ten points, identify this Brazilian author of Gabriela, Clove, and Cinnnamon.
Answer: Jorge Amado
Tossup 20. An alternative method to this one form forming the same product is to react an acyl halide or an anhydride with one of the reactants in the presence of a weak base. Primary alcohols are preferred reactants in this reaction due to their smaller steric hindrance and consequently faster reaction rates, and an intramolecular reaction creating a 5 or 6-membered ring called a lactone may occur immediately following this one. This reaction begins with the protonation of a carbonyl in order to make an electrophilic reactant and with the formation of a tetrahedral intermediate after the nucleophilic attack by the oxygen on the alcohol; it ends with the deprotonation of an oxonium. Also called nucleophilic acyl substitution, for ten points name this reaction a carboxylic acid with an alcohol to form an ester.
Answer: Fischer esterification (accept nucleophilic acyl substitution it’s mentioned; prompt on “Fischer” or “esterification”)
Tossup 21. This man's struggles with Parliament included the episode of the Merciless Parliament, led by the Lords Appellant, who got five of this ruler's supporters executed. The early years of this king’s reign were dominated by the regent John of Gaunt, whose son Henry was later exiled by this king. The king was at war in Ireland when Henry came over from France, forced him to abdicate, imprisoned him, and may have had him murdered in a somewhat humorous fashion. For ten points, name this son of the Black Prince, King of England from 1377 to 1399, and subject of one play by Shakespeare.
Answer: Richard II of England (prompt on “Richard”)
The Illinois Open 2004: The Philosophy of Spite
Bonuses by Michigan A (Ezekiel Berdichevsky, Adam Kemezis, and Matt Lafer)
Bonus 1. Answer the following about an author and his work for ten points each.
1.He collaborated with Charles Peguy on a bimonthly review called Cahiers de Quinzaine, but is best remembered for plays like The Wolves and Danton as well as series of novels like The Soul Enchanted.
Answer: Romain Rolland
2.This ten volume series of novels by Rolland follows the adventures of a musician whose passion for art exposes the loss of values that characterize the modern world.
Answer: Jean Christophe
3.Rolland was also a professor of music at the Sorbonne and a hard line pacifist during World War I. His argument for aesthetics over war was most notably expressed in this influential essay of 1915.
Answer: “Above the Battle” or “Audessus de la melee”
Bonus 2. Identify the following about a social scientist and his work for ten points each.
1.Though he has pioneered ideas like the small world method, also known as “Six Degrees of Separation,” this social scientist burst onto the scene as a result of the experiments on obedience that he conducted in New Haven during the early 1960s.
Answer: Stanley Milgram
2.Before he gained fame for his shock experiment, Milgram served as a research and teaching assistant to this social psychologist, who carried out an eponymous series of experiments using lines of different lengths, and lies.
Answer: Solomon Asch
3.Milgram pioneered the study of non-reactive attitudes with this study, in which a large number of the namesake objects were dropped in public places to determine if people would be willing to go a little out of their way to help out a complete stranger.
Answer: lost letter technique (accept anything close)
Bonus 3. Yoink! Identify these “Robber Barons” for ten points each.
1.Though he started in the steamship business, his brokerage firm, trading in railroad stocks, eventually made him so much money that he opened a namesake theological seminary in Madison, New Jersey.
Answer: Daniel Drew
2.Known as the “Barnum of Wall Street,” this man teamed with Daniel Drew and James Gould to try and corner the gold market, a move that instantiated the Black Friday Panic of 1869. Edward Stokes shot him three years later.
Answer: Jim Fisk
3.This speculator built the Chicago mass transit system with massive graft, and then bribed the aldermen to run it his way for many years. Eventually, he became so stupendously wealthy that he funded a namesake gigantic optical telescope in Wisconsin. Then, he cashed out and moved to London.
Answer: Charles Tyson Yerkes
Bonus 4. Identify these geological terms from descriptions, for ten points each.
1. From the Greek for “blanket of rock,” this is a very general term for any unconsolidated or loose materials such as soil or weathered rock that lies atop the solid bedrock of a planet or moon.
Answer: regolith
2. This is the slow downward movement of regolith at rates as slow as a millimeter per year, the slowest form of mass wasting.
Answer: creep
3. Solifluction is a type of mass wasting that occurs in this type of soil found in tundra and that is frozen year-round.
Answer: permafrost
Bonus 5. Answer the following about semiconductor physics, for ten points each.
1. This is the intentional addition of impurities such as boron or phosphorus to a semiconductor material in order to change the concentration of carriers.
Answer: doping
2. This is the proportionality factor between the carrier drift speed and strength of an applied electric field. The fact that it is lower for holes than electrons is the main reason for the larger size of p-type devices.
Answer: mobility
3. This is the type of diode formed from and named for the interface between a semiconductor and a metal. They are indispensable in fast DTL, and have interestingly non-linear breakdown characteristics.
Answer: Schottky barrier diode
Bonus 6. Answer the following about a related literary theme for ten points each.
1.The subject of tragedies by writers like Corneille and Alfieri, her love for Masinissa rather than Syphax turned ugly and she, like her brother Hannibal, killed herself.
Answer: Sophonisba
2.This Frenchman who wrote such neoclassical dramas as Brutus, Oedipe, and Zaire, also wrote a play about Sophonisba.
Answer: Voltaire or Francois Marie Arouet
3.This British satirist also wrote a Sophonisba, which was a departure from more typical work like The Scourge of Villanie, The Malcontent, and The Dutch Courtezan.
Answer: John Marston
Bonus 7. Answer the following from the wonderful world of mathematics, for ten points each.
1. This is any set of elements that, under a binary operation, is closed, is associative, has an identity element, and has an inverse for all of its members.
Answer: group
2. In topology, this is the group of homotopy classes of every loop around a point in space. If it is trivial, the topological space is called simply connected.
Answer: fundamental group
3. This is a map between two groups such that the product of the mapping of two elements in the group is equal to the mapping of the product, and the identities of the two groups are equal.
Answer: group homomorphism (do not accept “homeomorphism”)
Bonus 8. Answer the following about a collection of short stories for ten points each:
1.First published in 1846, the title refers to a location owned by Ralph Waldo Emerson and it contained such stories as “The Artist of the Beautiful,” “Rappacini’s Daughter,” and “The Birthmark.”
Answer: Mosses from an Old Manse
2.This story is a modernized treatment of Pilgrim’s Progress in which the traveler uses new technology on his journey but still encounters age-old pitfalls.
Answer: “The Celestial Railroad”
3.Based on the ballad of Lovewell’s Flight, this story tells of the curse upon Reuben Bourne, whose failure to fulfill the title deed results in some scary stuff for him and his wife, Dorcas.
Answer: “Roger Malvin’s Burial”
Bonus 9. Answer the following about a philosopher and his life for ten points each.
1.According to this thinker’s biographer, Porphyry, he was so influential at the court of Gallienus that the latter considered building a city that was to be governed by the laws and customs of Plato’s ideal states.
Answer: Plotinus
2.This philosopher from Alexandria, who may have also taught Origen, served as Plotinus’ inspiration and helped him to formulate many of his ideas.
Answer: Ammonius Saccas
3. This set of Plotinus’ treatises was collected by Porphyry, Some of the passages are addressed to friends like Eustochius, while others condemn Gnosticism, or argue for the attainment of good through the exercise of pure intelligence.
Answer: The Enneads
Bonus 10. Answer the following about a technique from chemistry, for ten points each.
1. This is the general term for the separation of a mixture by passing a mobile phase containing the sample over a stationary phase such as silica gel.
Answer: adsorption chromatography
2. In 1903, this Russian botanist developed the technique of adsorption chromatography.
Answer: Mikhail Semyonovich Tsvet
3. This simplest organic nitrile is often used as a solvent in liquid chromatography. It has formula CH3CN [“c h 3 c n”].
Answer: acetonitrile (or methyl cyanide)
Bonus 11. Identify these 20th century Italian writers from works for ten points each.
1.As a Man Grows Older, A Life, and The Confessions of Zeno.
Answer: Italo Svevo
2.Mr. Palomar, Difficult Lives, and The Path to the Nest of Spiders.
Answer: Italo Calvino
3.The Devil with Boobs; Can’t Pay, Won’t Pay; and The Accidental Death of an Anarchist.
Answer: Dario Fo
Bonus 12. Answer the following about an economist and his work, for ten points each.
1. This American economist is best known for his theory of the “commodity dollar,” which theory he expounded upon in such works as The Purchasing Power of Money and The Making of Index Numbers.
Answer: Irving Fisher
2. This theory was revived by Fisher and states that there is a relationship between the amount of money in an economy and its value. Its equation of exchange relates velocity, money, price level and the number of transactions.
Answer: quantity theory of money
3. Fisher also contributed to the price equilibrium theory of this Frenchman, the author of Elements of Pure Economics and the founder of the Lausanne school.
Answer: Leon Walras
Bonus 13. Answer the following about intrigues in early Nazi Germany, for ten points each.
1. Hitler easily manipulated this octogenarian President of the Reich into appointed him Chancellor on January 30th, 1933.
Answer: Paul von Hindenburg
2. This man was the last chancellor of the Weimar Republic before Hitler. Rejecting a compromise bid where this man would gain control of the army, Hitler had him murdered by the SS on the Night of the Long Knives.
Answer: Kurt von Schleicher
3. This Nobel Peace Prize winner and greatest statesman of the Weimar Republic was a moderating influence on the government throughout his tenure as foreign minister and leader of the People’s Party. His early death doubtlessly contributed to Nazism’s political dominance.
Answer: Gustav Stresemann
Bonus 14. Identify the following about a painter and his work for ten points each.
1. His 1745 self-portrait features his dog Trump looking on as well as a palette that reflects the philosophy of art he advocated in his treatise The Analysis of Beauty.
Answer: William Hogarth
2. While A Rake’s Progress may be Hogarth’s best-known series, his greatest achievement is probably this series of six paintings centering on the ill-fated marriage of a merchant’s daughter into the Squanderfield family.
Answer: Marriage à la Mode
3. Perhaps Hogarth’s best-known portrait, this 1740 work was painted for the Foundling Hospital to honor its founder. It shows him looking rather bloated and sitting at a desk in front of a globe and a sextant.
Answer: Captain Coram
Bonus 15. Name these Islamic religious titles for ten points each.
1.This office's name literally means “successor.” The first four are known as the “rightly guided” ones, and were followed by dynasties including the Umayyads, Abbasids, and Ottomans.
Answer: caliphs (or khalifa)
2.Recordings and amplifiers have, in many places, replaced these officials, whose job is to get up into a minaret and call the faithful to prayer.
Answer: muezzins
3.This Arabic term refers to a legal scholar who is entitled to give a fatwa, or pronouncement. In Ottoman times, a grand one in Constantinople was the highest legal authority in Islam.
Answer: mufti
Bonus 16. Identify the following about a famous sculpture and its creator for ten points each.
1. This bronze is the only of Edgar Degas’ sculptures to be exhibited during his lifetime. In it, the eyes are closed and the hands are held behind the subject’s back; the pose is amplified by the addition of the satin ribbon and muslin tutu.
Answer: The Little 14-Year-Old Dancer
2. The almost disconcerting dedication to realism that Degas showed in The Little 14-Year-Old Dancer can also be seen in his frank nudes, such as this 1885 work, which depicts a woman sitting on a chair and bending over to perform the title action.
Answer: After the Bath: Woman Drying her Feet
3. Degas also portrayed women with clothes on, as in this 1876 painting, which uses a steep angled viewpoint to depict a woman seated at a café staring down at the delicious title object. The artist’s signature can be seen on an enormous knife at bottom-left.
Answer: The Glass of Absinthe (or L’absinthe)
Bonus 17. Name these important European socialists for ten points each.
1.In 1924, this Scot became the first British Prime Minister from the Labor Party.
Answer: James Ramsay MacDonald
2.This former Berlin mayor became West Germany's first Social Democratic chancellor in 1969 and won a Nobel Peace Prize two years later for his attempts at detente with the Eastern Bloc.
Answer: Willy Brandt
3.This Social Revolutionary got to be president of Russia for three months in 1917, and then spent the remaining 53 years of his life bitching about being kicked out by the Bolsheviks.
Answer: Aleksandr Fyodorovich Kerensky
Bonus 18. Identify these poems by Edgar Allan Poe from some lines for ten points each.
1.”Hast thou not torn the Naiad from her flood / The elfin from the green grass, and from me / The summer dream beneath the Tamarind tree?”
Answer: “Sonnet to Science”
2.”Gaily bedight / A gallant knight / In sunshine and in shadow / Had journeyed long / Singing a song…”
Answer: “Eldorado”
3.”Lo! In yon brilliant window niche / How statue like I see the stand / The agate lamp within thy hand / Ah, Psyche from the regions which are Holy Land…”
Answer: “To Helen”
Bonus 19. Name these events, people, and things from the life of Julius Caesar, for ten points each.
1.In 63 BC, Caesar bribed everyone and their mother to get appointed to this chief priesthood of the Roman state religion. The Pope subsequently adopted this title until twentieth century.
Answer: pontifex maximus
2. Caesar consolidated his power when he finally crushed Gnaeus Pompeius at this 46 BCE battle in Spain. Legend has it that Caesar personally fought in this battle alongside the 10th Legion.
Answer: Munda
3. One of Caesar's more unsavory allies was this tribune of the plebs in 58, whom Cicero prosecuted for religious offenses and transvestitism. He was eventually murdered by Milo after a pitched battle between their respective armies of hired goons.
Answer: Publius Clodius Pulcher
Bonus 20. Answer the following about a family from Norse myth for ten points each.
1.This primordial Norse man married Bolthorn’s daughter Bestla and gave birth to the first Aesir including Odin.
Answer: Bor
2.Bor’s father was this man, who was carved from the icy void when Audhumla licked him into existence.
Answer: Burri
3.Eventually Odin, along with his brothers Vili and Ve, decided to make some humans out of two logs they found on the beach. Name these progenitors of the human race, all or nothing.
Answer: Ask and Embla |