Note: You will find lots of scanning errors. But, the essence of the handbook is here

Demurrer and, 308—309.

Pleading, not necessary, 139—140.

Scope, 139—140.

See Actions; Courts; Dilatory ?leas; Process.

At bar, 538-540.

Burden of proof,

In general, 542—544.

Prima faeie case, 542.

Bebuttal, 542—543.

Challenges,

In capita, 541.

Propter affectum, 541.

Propter defectum, 541.

Propter dellctum, 541.

Propter bonoris respectum, 541.

To the array, 540—541.

To the polls, 540—541.

Charge,

InstructIons, 540.

Restrictions, 540—550. Demurrer to evidence,

In genera], 543, 546—548.

In several states, 547—548.

Directed verdIct, 543, 548—549.

Equity, discretion of chancellor, 20.

J~yidence~ method of production, 545—546.

Evolution, 84—85.

Jurors,

Impanelling, 540.

Selection, 540—542.

Summonlng~ 540.

Nisi prius, 538—540.

Nonsuit, 548, MS.

Order of proof, 543—544.

Right to, at common law, 20.

JURY TRIAL—Cont’d Right to open and close,

Objective, 544—545.

Opening statement, 545.

Traverse and, 436.

Variance between charge and proof, 552.

Venlre facias, writ, 530—540.

Verdict,

Rule nlsl, 552.

Special, 551—552.

Special case, 552.

Voir dire, 541—542.

Westminster II (1285), Statute of, 538—540.

Withdrawing a case, methods, 546-549.

Witnesses,

Cross examInation, 546.
Direct examination, 545—546.

Leading questions, 545—546.

Oath, 545.
JUSTIFICATION

See Authority; Confession and Avoidance.

Pleading according to, 120—128.

Specific words, libel and slander, 199.
LIBEL AND SLANDER

See Defamation; Trespass on the Case.

Amendments, 560—561, 563.

Confession and avoidance, 490-491.
LIVINGSTON, EDWARD

Code of Practice of LouIsiana (1805), a

Allegations in action, 194—195.

Declaration (Form), 195.
MATERIALITY

Traverse denies material allegatIons, 430—446.

Ejectment In early form, 243.

Recovery under statutes, 243.

Trespass for, essential allegatIons, 239—241.

See Demurrer; Dilatory Pleas.

ClassIfication, 46—48.

Decline In England, 28, 53.

Definition and scope, 46—47.

Recovery of,

Damages, 48, 129.

Land, 48.
MONEY HAD AND RECEIVED

See Indebitatus Assumpsit.

Sec Indebitatus Assumpalt.

Arrest of judgment, 571—5tT.

Bill of particulars, 872—375.

656 INDEX

References are to Pages

INDEX

References are to Pages

657

MGI ION S-.-Cont’d

Directed verdict, 548—549.

Judgment non obstante veredieto, 573—574,

Judgment notwithstanding verdict, 573—574,

Nonsuit, 548.

Bepleader, 578—580.

Retrospective, 585—583.

Under modern codes, 580—583.
To strike out, 395—396.

Yertire facias de nova, 570-571.

Description of,

Corporations, 1Th.
Parties, 114—115.
Partners, 115.
Persons other than parties, 113—114.
NEGATIVE PREGNANT
Nature and effect, 444—447.

NEW ASSIGNMENT

Application, 529—530.

Form, 530.

Modem codes, rules, etc., 531.

Nature, 520—531.

Purpose, 529.

Grounds (or motion, 569—570.

Modern codes, rules, etc., 580-581.

Nature, 568—570.

Vcnire judas de novo, compared, 570—571.
NEW YORK CODE OF PROCEDURE (I64~

Field, David Dudley, and, 24.

Forms of action under, 24—25, 170—171.

Fusion of law and equity under, 28.

Influence in other states, 25, 28.

NIL DEBET

General issue,

Debt on a simple contract, 500—503. Debt on a statute, 500—503.

NIL DICIT

Judgment of, 472—473.

Trials, 538—540.

Venire facias, writ, 539.

Westminster II (1285), Statute of, 538—540.

General Issue,

Indebitatus assumpsit, 511—512. Special assumpslt, 508—511.
NON CEPIT

General issue In replevin, 497—499, 500.

General issue,

Detinue, 496—497.

Replevin, under statutory merger, 497—499.

General Issue,

Covenant, 505-SOT.

Debt on a specialty, 503, 504.

Modern codes, rules, etc., 582—583.

Repleader motion, dIstinguished, 578, 579.

Scope, 577—578.

Purpose and effect, 543, 548.

General Issue,

Ejectment, 494-405.

Trespass, 485—486, 488.

Trespass on the case, 488—489, 492—403.

Trover, 493—404.

Objective of pleading, 14—15, 17.

See Non Obstante Veredieto, Motion for Judgment.

General issue, debt on a judgment, 504—505.

General issue, debt on a simple contract, under Rhlary Rules, 501, 502—503.

See Demurrer.

Development, 80—81.

See also Forms of Action.

Basis of jurisdiction, 71, 72. Charge and, 38—39.
I Conformance of declaration to, 100—101.

Debt (Form), 37.

Praecipe in cnpitc, (Form), 37.

Form of action, 30.

Beplevin, 258—259.
Form, 260.

Selecting correct form, 39.

Deed, inspection, 126, 368—370.

Form, 429-430.

Boo Confession and Avoidance; General Issue; Pleas; Picas in Bar; Traverse.

577—579,

577—579.

INDEX

Abuse and misuse, 169.

Arrest, 73.

Notice, 72.

Original wilt, 72.

Praeeipe, 72.

Service,

Constructive, 75—78. Personal, 75.

Summons,

Commencement of action, 72, 73, Conformity with complaint, 100—101.

Constructive service, 76—78.

Notice by publication, 76.

Notice to non.residenta, 70.

Personal service, 75.

Service by publication after Substituted servIce, 75—76.

I Writ of attachment, 73—74.

Nature of, 125-128,

Oyer, relation to, 120, 368—369.

Production of deed, 123—126, 368—309.

See Writ of Prohibition.

Duplicity, 484.

Nature and function, 466—467.
PROVISIONS OF OXFORD (1256)

Chancellor’s power effected, 43-44.

Writs of course under, 42, 43—44.
PUIS DARREIN CONTINUANCE See Pleas.
QUANTITY, QUALITY, VALUE

Necessity for alleging, 111—113.

See Debt; lndcbitatus Assumpslt.

See Debt; Indebitatus Assumpsit.

See Debt; Indebitatus Assumpait

Aid prayer by tenant 370,373.

ClassIfication, 46-48.

Damages need not be alleged, 128-flD.

Decline in England, 28, 53.

Definition and scope, 47.

Ejeetment, 53-54.

Pondal origin of, 417.

Forcible entry and detainer, 49-50, 52, 56.

Freehold, 47.

Ownership, 50-51.

Possession, 46-ill.

selaurc, 77—78.

658

References

See also Account; Covenant; Debt; Detlnue;

I6jectment; lndebitatun Assunipsit; Replevin;

Special Assumpsit; Trespass; Trespass on the

Case; Prover. Breach of contract, 56, 57, ClassificatiOn, 46—47, 56—57. Damage to, Personal property, 56, 57.

Real property, 56, 57.

Damages, allegation, 123-129.

Decline in England, 57—58.

Ex contractu, 56, 57.

Es dellcto, 56, 57.

Injury to, Person, 56, 57.

Relative rights, 56, 57.

Recovery of,

Damages, 50~ 57.

Debt, 56, 57.

Personal property, 56, 57.

Real property, 56, 57. Scire facias, 588.
PLEADINGS

Declaration, 82.

Demurrers, 384—386, 389—395.

Dilatory pleas, 410—411.

Fuactiol]s and objects of 13—17.

Names, manner and order of, 80.

Pleas in bar, 434—433.

Replication and subsequent pleadIngs, 380—381.

Sec also Confession arid Avoidance; Dilatory Pleas; General Issue; Picas in Bar; Traverse.

Admission by failure to deny, 465—466,

Amounting to general issue, 469—472.

Argumentative, 467—469.

Confession and avoidance, 460—465.

Abatement, 410—429.

Jurisdiction and venue, 412—415.

Suspension of action, 429—430.

In bar, 434—436.

In estoppel, 465.

Issues of fact, raised by, 378,

Partial defenses, 472—473.

Fuis darrein continuance, Nature, 513—515.

Waiver of former pleas, 513—515.

Several defenses, 475—480.
PLEAS IN BAR

See also Confepslon and Avoidance; General issue; Pleas; Traverse.

Classification, 434—436.

Method of pleading, 434—435.

Nature, 434—435.

Several defendants, separate pleadIng, 480.

Several defenses, 475—480.

Treated as a unit, 473-474,

Sec Real Actions.

See Actions; Process.

INDEX

References are to Pages

Possessors actions, 47—51.

Proprietary actions, 47—51.

Proprietary and possessory, compared, 48-~.

Right of entry, 40—59.

Seite facias, 587—588.

Seisin, 46, 47, 51.

Self-help, 49—50.

Trespass to try title, Nature, 54—55.

States adopting~ 54, 55.

View of land, 370, 375.

Voucher t₀ warranty, 371, 375.

Writ of disseisin, 55.

Writ of partition, 50.

Writs of assize, Classified, 48.

Novel disseisin (Form), 52.

Writs of entry,

Classified, 48, 50.

Modified form, 55.

States adopting, 55. Writs of right,

Classified, 48.

Form, 51—52.
REAL PROPERTY LIMITATIONS ACT (1833)

Misod actions, effect upon, 28, 53.

Real actions, effect upon, 28, 53.
REBUTTER

DefinItion, 381.

Objection by special demurrer, 180—131.

Positive pleading requirement, 130—131.

RECOGN IZANCE

Action of debt on, 298.

Action of debt on, 297—298.

Nature, 513—516.

Origin, 513—516.
REJOINDER

Definition, 380.

Departure, 527—528.

RELEASE

Conveyance, 127.

Pleading, 127, 462—403.

REPLEADER, MOTION FOR

Cireuinstnnces for awarding, 578—580.

Modern codes, rules, etc., 583.

Non obstante vcredicto, compared, 578, 579.

A v owry,

Pleading, 117, XIS, 500.

Special traverse, relation to, 409.

Cognizance,

Pleading, 125, 500.

Special traverse, relation to, 409.

Concurrent, other actions, distinguished, 251—258. Confession and avoIdance, 500.

Declaration, essent in) allegations, In general, 262.

Damages, 268—269.

Plaintiff’s right, title, eta, 262—263.

Wrengful act, taking and detention, 266—268.

Declaration (Form), 201—262.

Demand and refusal, 268.

Detinet and detinuit, 239—260.

Dctinue and, 254, 257—268.

General issue, 497—499, 500. Form, 497—498.

Sudgment, 269.

Modern codes, rules, etc., 270—272.

Original writ, 258—259. Form, 260.

Plaint (Form), 261.

Property, descriptIon, 262.

Property recoverable by, 256—257.

Provisional remedy, 254.

Scope and nature, 233—257.

Special traverse, 490.

Statutory merger, dei-inuc. general

Unlawful taking, distress, 254—255.
REPL JCATJ ON

Classification, 518—519. Do injuria,

Confession nail avoidance, relation, 521—522.

Effect, 520—521.

Form, 521-522.

Modern codes, rules. etc., 322—525.

Nature and SCOOP. Si 0—521.

When used, 510—520.

Formal pans, 522.

Sec lnconsirtency,

Judgment on demurrer, effect, 406.

Pleadings as foundation for, 16-IT.
RULE NISl

Order to show cause, 552.

Advantages of, 26.

Code pleading, distinguished, 25—26.
RULES OF PLEADING

See also specific topics.

Bad in part, bad altogether, 473—474, Certainty it, pleading,

Certainty of place, 107.

Certainty of time, 108-111.

General requirement, 131—133.

Show authority, 124—225.

Show tItle, 115—116.

Specify names of persons, 112—114.

Specify quantity, quality, value, Ili—Irn Conform to precedent, 150.

Demurrer Or plead, 318.

Issue, 497 .190.

Dilatory pleas, when pleaded, 411—412.

Evidence and ultimate facts, 90—02.

Facts only alleged, 90—92.

General mode, when proper, 134.135.

Issue accepted, 389, 535.

Legal conclusions, 92—94.

Legal effect, pleading by, 92—94.

Materiality in pleading, Denial of esaentia]s, 441—446,

Traverse, 439—440.

Not to be,

Alternative, 146—147.

Ambiguous or doubtful, 146.

Argumentative, 407—409.

Double, 147—149.

Inconsistent or repugnant, 145—146. Omitted may be matters,

ImplIed, 141—142.

In anticipation, 140—141.

Judicially noticed, 139—140.

Presumed, 142. Operative or ultimate facts, 91—92. Particularity, extent required,

Generally, 135-436.

Acts regulated by statute, 138-130.

Facts known to adversary, 136.

Inducement or aggravation, 136-438.

Positive, not recital, 130—131.

Production of issue, 378—383.

Singlenuss or unity, 147—149.

Surplusage to be avoided, 142—144.

Traverae tenders issue, 532—533.

Allegation of damages unnecessary, 128—129. Revival of Judgments,

Personal actions, 588.

Real actions, 587—588.

See Covenant; Debt.

See Real Actions.

Nature, 516—517.

Statutory origin, 516—517.

SIMILITER

See Issues of Fact.

See also Duplicity.

Pleadings not to be double, 147—148, 475—ISO.

Qualifications of requirement, 148, 476—478, 480—481.

Requirement of, 475—480.
SPECIAL ASSUMPSIT

Concurrent, case for tortious conduct, 321.

Condition subsequent, 331—332.

Confession and avoidance, 510.

Debt~ compared, 278—279, 288—288.

Declaration, essential allegations, In general, 323.

Breach, 332—333.

SPECIAL ASSUMPSIT—Cont’d

Consideration, 325—328.

Contract and promise, 323—325.

Damages, 383-’334.

Performance, conditions precedent, 328—33Z

Declaration (Form), 322—323.

Er delicto, and, 319.

Executed consideration, 327.

Executed contracts, 286—287.

Executory coasideratlon, 327-323.

Executory contracts, 288—289.

Explanatory inducement, 323—324.

General Issue, 508—511. Form, 508.

Hilary Rules, effect on defenses, 510—51L

Modern codes, rules, etc., 334—336.

Promise, 288—289.

Scope anti nature, 318-321.

SPECIAL TRAVERSE

See Traverse.

See Covenant; Debt.

See Traverse.

See Process.

Forms of action, effect, 29.

Law and equity, effect, 58.

SURRERIJTTER

DefInition, 381.

See Dilatory Pleas.

See also Issues of Fact; Issues of Law. Form of tender, 533.

Nature and purpose, 532—534.
TIME

Continuing acts, 110—111.

Not truly stated, 109—110.

Plea follows declaration, 110.

Traversable facts, 108.

Truly stated, 108—109.

Adversary’s title alleged, 122, 123.

Allegation of general freehold title, lit

Allegation of title of possession, Not fully stated, 116—118.

Sufficient to show liability, 122—123. Alleging derivation of title,

By conveyance or alienation, 120.

Fee simple, 118—110.

PartIcular estates, 119—120.

Estoppel of adverse party, 124.

Pieading conveyance, manner of, 120-.:122.

Proof, 123-124.

When fully stated, 117—118,

660

References are to Pages

Specific,

Argumentative denIal, 447.

Classification, 435.

Express denIal, 446-447.

Function, 446—447.

General Issue, distinguIshed, 457.

Negative pregnant, 447.

Special, dIstinguished, 448—450.

Too large, allegatIons, 441-443.

Too narrow, allegations, 443—444.

Variance and, 436—437.

Various forms of, 435—436.

References are to Pages TRAVERSE—Cont’d

661

TORTS

See also Detinuc; Ejectment; Iteplevin; Trespass; Trespass on the Case; Trover.

Classification of actions, 56-57.

Plea In abatement, parties,

MIsjoinder, 426—428.

Nonjolnder, 426—428.

Trespass and case as source, 174—175, Westminster II (1285), Statute,

Consimill casu, 44—45, 175.

Effect, 44—45, 175.
TRANSITORY ACTIONS

See also Actions; Venue.

Contrasted with local, 103—105.
TRAVERSE

See also General Issue; Picas; Pleas in Bar.

Aggravation, matter of, 439—440.

Common, see Specific Traverse.

Defense of denIal, 379.

Denial of essentials only, 441—444.

Estoppel and, 439.

Form of denial, 436—437.

General, classification, 435.

General issue,

Classification, 435.

Compendious negation, 457.

Essential facts, denial, 457.

Liability, denial, 457—458.

Nature and usc, 457—459.

Specific traverse, distInguished, 457.

General requisites, 436—439.

Immaterial allegations, 439—440.

Inducement, matter of, 439—440.

Insufficient In law matter, 439—440.

Irrelevant allegations, 439-440.

Issuable proposition, selection, 441.

Issues of fact, 436.

Law, matter of, 437.

Law and fact, matter of, 437—438.

Materiality, 439—440.

Matter not alleged, 438—439.

Modo et forma, 437, 439.

Necessarily implied matter, 439.

Negative and affirmative pregnants, 444 418.

Prematurely alleged matter, 439—440,

Replication de injuria,

Ciassificatlon, 485, 457.

Modo et forma, 437.

Nature and scope, 519—521. Several allegations, election, 441.

Special,

Absque hoc clause, 447—457.

Classification, 435.

Conclusion with verIfication, 448-449, 453—454.

Form, 452.

FunctIon, 452-453.

In replevin, 499.

Inducement, 447—449, 455—457,

Modern use, 456—457.

Normal form, 449—450.

RequisItes, 447—448.

Specific, distinguished, 448-450.

Sufficiency rules, 454—456.

TRESPASS

Ab-initlo, 269—170.

Assault and battery (Form), 154—155.

Ballee, 158, 161—182.

Confession and avoIdance, 486—488.

Do bonis asportatis, 36. Form, 155.

Declaration, essential allegations,

In general. 156,

Damages, 170.

Defendant’s wrongful act, 164—170.

Plaintiff’s rIght, title, etc., 156—164.

Direct iniury, 152, 154. 165—168.

E.iectment and, 226—230.

Election, remedy, trespass on the case, 181—182.

Force, 164—165, 178—177.

Force Implied, 164—16,5, 177.

General issue, 435—486, 488. Form, 485.

flilary Rules, effect on defenses, 488.

History, 36, 44, 153.

Immediate iniury, 152, 154, 165—168.

Landlord. 159—162.

Liberum tenempntum plea, 487. Form, 487—488.

Modern codes, rules, etc., 170—172,
NeglIgence, 181—182.

Nonfeasance, 165, 177.

Personal injury, 156—157, 165—187.

Personal property, 157—158, 162—163.

Possession, 157—163,

Process, abusc, 169.

Property, descriptIon, 156, 163, 531.

Quare clausum fregit, 36, 157—164. Form, 155.

Quarc ejectione flrmae, 227—230.

Real property, 36, 157—164.

Scope and nature, 152—154.

Servant, 158.

Tenant, 159—162.

Tenant at will, 159—162.

Tort remedy, 44, 56—57, 152—1,53, 174.

Trespass on the case dIstinguished, 152—154, 165—168,

176-181.

Trover compared, 209—210.

VI et armis, 154.

Violence as element, 153, 154.

Writ of, 36, 153.

Wrongful prosecution, 168.