Contract Number: gbti II task Order No. Eem-4-07-07-00008-00 Contractor Name: Chemonics International, Inc



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June, 2012


Contract Number: GBTI II Task Order No. EEM-4-07-07-00008-00
Contractor Name: Chemonics International, Inc.
USAID Technical Office: Office of Economic Opportunities

USAID Pakistan


Date of Report: June 7, 2012
Document Title: FATA Assessment Study (South Waziristan Agency)

Final Report
Authors’ Names: Sohail Younas Moghal, Team Leader

Shahin Shah Safi, Project Manager/Value Chain Expert

Dr. Usman Mustafa, Value Chain Expert

Khalid Mahmood Rasool, Policy, Institutional and Work Force Expert

Zafar Habib, Policy & Institutional Development Expert

Javed Iqbal, Capacity Building Expert

FINCON Consulting Inc.
SOW Title and Work Plan Action: USAID Pakistan FIRMS Project




Data Page

Name of Component: Private Sector Development


Authors:
Sohail Younas Moghal Team Leader

Shaheen Shah Safi Project Manager/Value Chain Expert

Dr. Usman Mustafa Value Chain Expert

Khalid Mahmood Rasool Policy, Institutional and Work Force Expert

Zafar Habib Policy and Institutional Development Expert

Javed Ahmad Capacity Building Expert




Practice Area:



Key Words
Apple, Capacity building, Development, Economy, Extension Services, FATA, FDA, FATA Secretariat, FCR, IDP, Institutional Framework, Livestock, Mehsud, Market, Peach, Pine Nut, Policy, Political Agent, Potato, Production, Remittances, Sector, Skills Development, South Waziristan, Technical Education, Tomato, Training, USAID, Value Addition, Value Chain, Walnut, Wazir, Workforce

Abstract
South Waziristan is the largest Agency of FATA which has suffered at the hands of extremist elements and a subsequent military operation during the recent years. This has led to disruption of normal life and displacement of large segment of the local population from their homes. Government is undertaking peace restoration and rehabilitation efforts in the Agency. These efforts are being complemented by USAID through investments in various infrastructure projects like roads, irrigation dams and electricity transmission lines.
For restoration of livelihood opportunities and initiating a sustainable growth in South Waziristan, it is important to understand governance, institutional framework and dynamics of the local economy and identify viable solutions. The report provides an assessment of South Waziristan’s agriculture-based economy. A broader analysis of the overall policy and institutional framework has been carried out and constraints have been identified. The report includes a workforce analysis to identify areas for skills training for local youth for generating employment potential for them in other regions of Pakistan and in overseas markets. The report also identifies all the important sectors of the local economy which can quickly contribute to sustainable growth in SWA. Value chain analyses of three selected sectors, Apple, Pine nut and Livestock, have been carried out to identify their strengths and understand the constraints hindering realization of true potential of each sector. The report identifies specific projects which may be taken up by FIRMS/USAID for initiating a sustainable growth process in short to medium term timeframe.

Abbreviations



Abbreviation

Explanation

ADB

Asian Development Bank

BDSP

Business Development Service Provider

CCS

Cadet College Sararogha

CSO

Civil Society Organization

DAP

Di Ammonium Phosphate

FATA

Federally Administered Tribal Areas

FCR

Frontier Crimes Regulations

FDA

FATA Development Authority

FGD

Focus Group Discussion

FIFA

FATA Investment Facilitation Authority

FR

Frontier Region

FS

FATA Secretariat

FSDP

FATA Sustainable Development Plan

GCMS

Government College of Management Sciences

GOP

Government of Pakistan

GTI

Government Technical Institute

IDP

Internally Displaced Person

IOM

International Organization for Migration

ISMC

Input Sales and Marketing Center

KP

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

LG & RD

Local Government and Rural Development

MFVDP

Malakand Fruits and Vegetables Development Project

MICS

Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey

NGO

Non Government Organization

NWA

North Waziristan Agency

PA

Political Agent

PCNA

Post Crisis Need Assessment

PEI

Poverty Eradication Initiative

PPP

Public Private Partnership

ROZ

Reconstruction Opportunity Zone

SAFRON

State and Frontier Regions

SDC

Skill Development Center

SFDP

South FATA Development Project

SMEDA

Small and Medium Enterprise Development Authority

SRSP

Sarhad Rural Support Program

SWA

South Waziristan Agency

TACCI

Tribal Areas Chamber of Commerce and Industry

TOR

Terms of Reference

UNESCO

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

USAID

United States Agency for International Development

VCD

Value Chain Development

WITE

Waziristan Institute of Technical Education

WSDC

Women Skill Development Center


Table of Contents


1.0Executive Summary 8

2.0BAckground and Introduction 12

2.1Introduction to South Waziristan Agency 12

2.2Demographic Profile of South Waziristan Agency 12

2.3Economic Profile of South Waziristan Agency 14



3.0South Waziristan Agency – A Situation Analysis 17

3.1Post-Military Operation Scenario 17

3.2Current State of Physical, Local and Economic Infrastructure 17

3.3Economic Infrastructure 21

3.3.1 South Waziristan Economy and Livelihoods 21

3.4Business Enabling Environment 23

3.5IDPs crisis 23

3.6Roles of Different Stakeholders in SWA 23



4.0Policy and Institutional Analysis 25

4.1Political Structure Analysis in SWA Context 25

4.2Institutional structure of FATA 26

4.3Analysis of Laws Governing FATA in Context of SWA 29

4.4Agriculture Markets and Marketing Regulations/Laws 33

4.5Judicial System - Jirga 33

4.6Local and Foreign Remittances 34

4.7Recommended Projects for Policy and Institutional Development 35



5.0Workforce Analysis 36

5.1Current Situation of Technical Education 36



6.0Value Chain AnalysEs 40

6.1Sector Selection 40

6.2Apple Sector Value Chain Analysis 41

6.3Pine Nut Value Chain Analysis 49

6.4Livestock Sector Value Chain 55

7.0Straetgy, REcommendations and Workable Projects 61

7.1Strategy Components 61

7.2Recommended Projects 62

7.3Implementation Approach 79



8.0Appendices 81

8.1Appendix 1 - Study Objectives and Methodology 81

8.2Appendix 2 - South Waziristan Climate 84

8.3Appendix 3 – Tehsil-wise Population and Rural Localities Size in SWA 85

8.4Appendix 4- Population Density, Male-Female Split, Household Size, Age Distribution 86

8.5Appendix 5 – Tribe-wise Population Distribution of SWA 90

8.6Appendix 6 - Population Split by Mother Tongue 91

8.7Appendix 7 – School Enrollment Rates, Literacy and Higher Education in SWA 92

8.8Appendix 8 – Ownership Status and Construction Material of Houses 99

8.9Appendix 9 – Access to Civic Facilities in South Waziristan 101

8.10Appendix 10 – Main Crops Profile of South Waziristan 106

8.11Appendix 11 – Fruits Sector Profile of SWA 109

8.12Appendix 12 – Vegetable Sector Profile of SWA 111

8.13Appendix 13 - Livestock Profile of SWA 113

8.14Appendix 14 – Mineral Profile of South Waziristan Agency 114

8.15Appendix 15 – Industry Profile of SWA 115

8.16Appendix 15A – Landholding Profile 116

8.17Appendix 16 – Road Network in FATA 117

8.18Appendix 17 – Current IDPs Situation 118

8.19Appendix 18 – Peach Sector Value Chain Analysis 119

8.20Appendix 18 – Value Chain Analysis of Tomato 124

8.21Appendix 20 – Potato Value Chain Analysis 131

8.22Appendix 21 – Walnut Value Chain Analysis 135

8.23Appendix 22 – Pine Nut Classes (product grades) 140

8.24Appendix 23 – Livestock Diseases in SWA 140

8.25Appendix 24 - FGD Participants, List of Key Informants and Pictures 141






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